アイエルツのライティングが難しすぎます！！
スピーキングやリーディング、リスニングは頑張った分だけ伸びますが、ライティングだけは一筋縄ではいかず悩んでいます。
IELTSのライティングはスピーキングやリーディング、リスニングに比べて点がすぐに伸びない人が多いので苦手意識を持つ人が多いです。
このブログでは、そんな悩みを抱えている人にライティングタスク２の概要と構成ならびに例題と回答例を挙げ、苦手意識を解消し、スコアアップするお手伝いします。
アイエルツ ライティングタスク２の構成
IELTS（アイエルツ）ライティングタスク２では、与えられたトピックについて自分の意見や考えを英語で書きます。このタスクでは、最低250語のエッセイを40分以内に書かなければいけません。配点も高いので、タスク１を素早く済ませて、じっくり書いていきます。
以下はケンブリッジ大学（University of Cambridge）のIELTSに関するページでサンプルテストが無料で解けます。
– 序論：トピックの背景や自分の立場を簡潔に紹介する
– 本論：自分の主張や理由、例などを詳しく説明する
– 結論：自分の意見をまとめる
上の構成は英語エッセイの基本中の基本で、アイエルツを作っているケンブリッジ大学が推奨している基本的な構成です。まずは、この構成をしっかり意識して書く練習をしましょう。
例題
例題１：Some people think that the best way to reduce crime is to give longer prison sentences. Others, however, believe there are better alternative ways of reducing crime. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
回答例
序論
Crime is a serious problem that affects many countries and societies. There are different opinions on how to deal with this issue. Some people think that the best way to reduce crime is to give longer prison sentences, while others believe that there are better alternative ways of reducing crime. In this essay, I will discuss both views and give my own opinion.
本論１
On the one hand, some people argue that longer prison sentences are an effective way to deter criminals and protect the public. They believe that harsh punishments can make potential offenders think twice before committing a crime, and that keeping criminals behind bars can prevent them from committing more crimes in the future. Moreover, they claim that longer prison sentences can also serve as a form of retribution and justice for the victims and their families.
本論２
On the other hand, other people contend that there are better alternative ways of reducing crime than giving longer prison sentences. They suggest that addressing the root causes of crime, such as poverty, unemployment, lack of education, and social inequality, can be more beneficial in the long run. They also propose that providing rehabilitation and support programs for offenders, such as counseling, training, and job placement, can help them reintegrate into society and reduce the chances of reoffending. Furthermore, they point out that longer prison sentences can have negative consequences, such as overcrowding in prisons, human rights violations, and increased costs for the government.
結論
In my opinion, both views have some merits and drawbacks, and there is no simple answer to this complex issue. I think that the best way to reduce crime is to adopt a balanced approach that combines both punitive and preventive measures. Depending on the type and severity of the crime, some offenders may deserve longer prison sentences, while others may benefit more from alternative ways of reducing crime. I believe that by doing so, we can achieve a more effective and humane solution to this social problem.
評価基準を意識してスコアアップ
意識すべき評価基準
- 聞かれたことに答えられているか
- 一貫性
- 語彙
- 文法
聞かれたことに答えられているか
聞かれたことに必ず明確に答える（序論）
どうしてそう思ったのか理由を明確に説明する（本論）
結論を書く（結論）
採点者の採点基準にも序論、本論、結論が書かれているか見なさいと書かれています。
一貫性
それぞれの段落に中心となる考えを書く（トピックセンテンス）
多用な接続詞を効果的に使用する
語彙
様々な語彙を用いる
パラフレーズを用いる（同じ内容を言い換える）
スペルミスなどのエラーを防ぐ
英検の英作文の評価基準とほぼ同じですが、同じ単語を繰り返し使用せず、類義語などを使って、語彙力があることをアピールしましょう。
序論と結論では基本的に同じ内容を支持しますが、一言一句同じではなくパラフレーズで同じ内容だけれど、違った表現方法で書けているとポイントが高いです。
当たり前ですが、スペルミスなどがないかは書き終わったら見直しましょう。2,3点アップすることがあります。
文法
様々な文法を適切に使って文を書く
色々な時制を用いる
文法を正確に使えている
文法のケアレスミスをなくす
ITALKIのアイエルツ面接官の先生に英作文を教えてもらった時、毎回上記のことを注意するように言われました。彼は採点者として上記のことを重視して採点していたからです。
それでは、例題を見ながらイメージを膨らませていきましょう。
通常手に入らないアイトーキの割引ですが、上のリンクから無料登録で、20ドル購入すると10ドル分キャッシュバックされます。（購入は普通に日本円でできます。）
アイエルツ ライティングタスク2 例題
教育に関する例題
例題：Some people believe that the government should provide free education at all levels. Others think that individuals should be responsible for their educational expenses. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
回答例：
Education plays a crucial role in a nation’s development, and the question of who should bear the cost of education is a matter of debate. While some argue that the government should provide free education at all levels, others believe that individuals should take responsibility for their educational expenses. This essay will discuss both perspectives before presenting my own opinion.
On the one hand, proponents of government-funded education argue that it ensures equal opportunities for all individuals regardless of their financial background. Education is a fundamental right, and providing free education can bridge the gap between the rich and the poor. Additionally, a well-educated population benefits society as a whole by creating a skilled workforce and promoting economic growth. For these reasons, many argue that the government should bear the burden of educational expenses.
On the other hand, those who advocate for individuals to be responsible for their educational expenses argue that it fosters a sense of personal accountability and motivation. When individuals invest in their education, they value it more and are likely to make the most of the opportunities available. Moreover, placing the responsibility on individuals reduces the burden on the government, allowing it to allocate resources to other important sectors such as healthcare and infrastructure.
In my opinion, a balanced approach is necessary. While it is important for the government to provide free education up to a certain level, individuals should also take some responsibility for their educational expenses. The government can focus on primary and secondary education, ensuring that every child has access to quality education, while higher education can be partially funded by individuals through loans or scholarships.
In conclusion, the question of whether the government should provide free education or individuals should bear the cost is complex. While government-funded education promotes equality, individual responsibility fosters personal accountability. A combination of both approaches can strike a balance and ensure that education is accessible to all while maintaining personal investment in one’s own education.
貧富の差に関する例題
例題：In many countries, the gap between the rich and the poor is widening. What problems does this gap cause? What solutions can you suggest?
回答例：
The increasing gap between the rich and the poor is a growing concern in numerous nations. This essay will outline the problems caused by this gap and propose potential solutions.
One of the main problems arising from income inequality is social unrest. When there is a significant disparity in wealth distribution, it creates resentment and dissatisfaction among the less fortunate. This can lead to social divisions, crime rates, and even political instability. Moreover, the lack of equal opportunities hinders social mobility, making it harder for individuals from disadvantaged backgrounds to improve their circumstances.
Another issue caused by the wealth gap is unequal access to basic necessities such as healthcare and education. The poor often struggle to afford quality healthcare services and education for themselves and their families. This perpetuates the cycle of poverty and limits upward mobility. Additionally, income inequality can hinder economic growth as the lower-income population has limited purchasing power, leading to reduced consumer demand.
To address these problems, several solutions can be considered. Firstly, governments should implement progressive taxation policies, wherein the wealthy are taxed at higher rates. The revenue generated from this can be invested in social welfare programs, such as affordable housing, healthcare, and education, to bridge the gap. Additionally, promoting equal opportunities through policies
such as affirmative action in education and employment can help level the playing field for individuals from disadvantaged backgrounds. This can include scholarships, grants, and training programs specifically targeted towards those with limited financial resources.
Furthermore, fostering economic development in marginalized areas can help reduce the wealth gap. Governments can invest in infrastructure development, create job opportunities, and provide support for small businesses in these regions. This can help create a more equitable distribution of wealth and alleviate poverty.
Education plays a vital role in breaking the cycle of poverty. Increasing access to quality education for all, regardless of socioeconomic status, is crucial. This can be achieved through initiatives such as expanding school facilities, providing free or subsidized education, and improving the quality of teaching and resources in underserved areas.
In conclusion, the widening gap between the rich and the poor poses significant problems for societies. It leads to social unrest, unequal access to essential services, and hampers economic growth. To address this issue, governments should implement progressive taxation, promote equal opportunities, invest in marginalized areas, and prioritize education as a means of upward mobility. By taking these measures, societies can work towards a more equitable distribution of wealth and provide better opportunities for all individuals, regardless of their socioeconomic background.
科学技術に関する例題
例題：Some people argue that technology has made our lives more complicated, while others believe that it has made our lives easier. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
回答例：
The impact of technology on our lives is a subject of debate. While some argue that technology has made our lives more complicated, others believe that it has made our lives easier. This essay will discuss both perspectives and present my own opinion.
On one hand, proponents of the view that technology has made our lives more complicated argue that it has created a constant need for adaptation and learning. The rapid pace of technological advancements means that individuals need to continually update their skills and knowledge to keep up with the changing landscape. Moreover, the dependence on technology for various tasks, such as communication, work, and entertainment, can lead to information overload and increased stress levels. Additionally, privacy concerns and the negative impact of excessive screen time on physical and mental well-being are often cited as complications brought about by technology.
On the other hand, those who believe that technology has made our lives easier point out the numerous conveniences it has brought. Automation and digitalization have streamlined processes, saving time and effort. Tasks that used to be manual and time-consuming can now be done quickly and efficiently with the help of technology. Communication has become instant and global, allowing people to connect with others regardless of geographical boundaries. Moreover, the accessibility of information and online resources has expanded educational opportunities and facilitated research and learning.
In my opinion, technology has indeed made our lives both more complicated and easier. It has undoubtedly introduced new challenges and complexities, requiring constant adaptation and mindful use. However, it has also brought undeniable conveniences and improved various aspects of our lives. The key lies in striking a balance and using technology in a way that enhances our lives without causing unnecessary complications or dependencies.
In conclusion, technology has both complicated and simplified our lives. While it has created challenges such as the need for continuous learning and information overload, it has also brought about convenience, efficiency, and improved connectivity. It is essential for individuals to adapt to technological advancements while being mindful of their usage to fully benefit from its advantages while minimizing its negative impacts.
動物に関する例題
例題：Some people argue that zoos are cruel and should be abolished. Others believe that zoos serve an important role in conservation and education. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
回答例：
The existence of zoos is a topic of debate, with some arguing that they are cruel and should be abolished, while others believe that zoos serve important roles in conservation and education. This essay will explore both perspectives and present my own opinion.
On one hand, opponents of zoos argue that confining animals in artificial environments is inherently cruel. They believe that animals should be allowed to live in their natural habitats, free from human interference. Zoos often restrict the movement and natural behaviors of animals, leading to physical and psychological stress. Moreover, some zoos have been criticized for inadequate living conditions, improper care, and exploitation of animals for entertainment purposes. Critics also argue that the focus on breeding programs for captive animals detracts from efforts to conserve and protect animals in the wild.
On the other hand, proponents of zoos emphasize their roles in conservation and education. Zoos provide a controlled environment where endangered species can be protected from habitat destruction and poaching. They play a crucial role in breeding programs and reintroducing animals into the wild to bolster declining populations. Zoos also serve as educational institutions, raising awareness about the importance of wildlife conservation and promoting environmental stewardship. For many people, especially children, zoos offer the opportunity to learn about different species and develop a sense of empathy and respect for animals.
In my opinion, a balanced approach is necessary. While some concerns about the welfare of animals in zoos are valid, the complete abolition of zoos would result in the loss of their conservation and educational functions. Instead, efforts should be made to improve animal welfare standards in zoos, ensuring that they provide spacious and enriching environments that closely mimic natural habitats. Transparency and accountability in the management of zoos should be emphasized, with strict regulations to prevent exploitation and mistreatment of animals.
Furthermore, zoos should prioritize their conservation efforts and actively contribute to wildlife conservation in their natural habitats. This can include supporting initiatives that protect habitats, combating illegal wildlife trade, and funding research on conservation strategies. Education should remain a central focus, with zoos developing comprehensive educational programs that emphasize conservation, animal behavior, and environmental sustainability.
In conclusion, the debate over the existence of zoos revolves around their ethical implications and their roles in conservation and education. While concerns about animal welfare in zoos are valid, completely abolishing zoos would undermine their potential contributions to conservation and education. It is essential to improve animal welfare standards, prioritize conservation efforts, and promote comprehensive educational programs to ensure that zoos serve their intended purposes while respecting the well-being of the animals under their care.
アイエルツ ライティングタスク２まとめ
以上のような構成と評価基準を踏まえて、試験前はできるだけいろいろな例題の英作文を書く練習をしておきましょう。英作文は自分では採点しづらいもの。アイトーキのようなオンライン英会話でプロの先生に添削してもらうのがお勧めです。アイトーキには元アイエルツ試験官の先生が在籍しているので、本番さながらに添削してくれ、頼りになります。
上のリンクから無料登録で、２０ドル購入すると１０ドル分キャッシュバックされます。（購入は普通に日本円でできます。）
